Ib qho insulator yog ib qho khoom siv uas tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov hluav taws xob thiab kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov peev txheej sib txawv lossis nruab nrab ntawm cov neeg xyuas pib thiab cov tswv cuab hauv av. Insulators tuaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam thiab cov duab. Txawm hais tias cov qauv thiab cov duab ntawm ntau hom insulators sib txawv heev, lawv muaj ob qhov loj: cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev thiab cov khoom sib txuas.
Insulator yog ib hom kev tswj tshwj xeeb ntawm rwb thaiv tsev, uas tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov xyoo, cov insulators feem ntau yog siv rau hauv xov tooj ncej, thiab maj mam tsim nyob rau hauv lub high voltage xaim kev twb kev txuas ntauwd nrog ib tug ntau ntawm disk-zoo li insulators.
Nws yog txhawm rau nce qhov kev ncua deb, feem ntau yog ua los ntawm iav lossis ceramic, hu ua insulator. Lub insulator yuav tsum tsis txhob poob vim muaj ntau yam kev ntxhov siab ntawm electromechanical los ntawm kev hloov ntawm ib puag ncig thiab hluav taws xob load, txwv tsis pub lub insulator yuav tsis muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, uas yuav ua rau kev siv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho cov kab. Insulators tuaj yeem muab faib ua kev ncua kev ncua thiab cov ncej insulators raws li cov txheej txheem sib txawv; Raws li cov khoom siv insulating sib txawv, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua porcelain insulators, iav insulators thiab composite insulators (tseem hu ua hluavtaws insulators).
Raws li kev siv cov qib sib txawv, tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov hluav taws xob tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob siab; Raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm ib puag ncig siv, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas siv rau hauv qhov chaw qias neeg tau muab los; Raws li ntau hom hluav taws xob siv, DC insulators tau muab los; Muaj ntau yam tshwj xeeb lub hom phiaj insulators, xws li rwb thaiv tsev hla caj npab, semiconductor glaze insulators thiab lub zog faib hluav taws xob nro insulators, bobbin insulators thiab thaiv thaiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom insulating, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg: hom A, uas yog, tsis cuam tshuam hom insulator thiab hom B, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau hom insulator.
